Structures and Ownership

Today I am going to be looking at different media prospective's starting with Structure and Ownership.

Structure and Ownership:
this is when one organization is divided up into several different structures, a few examples of ownership structure types would be "a sole proprietorship" which is basically the most common type, it gives you less legal controls and is normally owned by one person or a couple.

Sources:
http://www.sos.wa.gov/corps/registration_structures.aspx
http://www.ukessays.com/essays/finance/formation-of-ownership-structure.php
http://www.fmc-law.com/upload/en/publications/2007/TammyEvans_OwnershipStructure.pdf

Private ownership:
This is when a company or a group of company's are owned by one person for example Rupert Murdoch own various company's like BskyB, The Sun Newspaper.

Souces:
http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/private-ownership
http://www.qfinance.com/dictionary/private-ownership

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_ownership

Public Service Media:

This is a broadcaster that is financed and funded by the public, they are not owned by the state or commercially, Public service media company's are usually the main source of TV or radio in that country, an example of a PSM company would be the BBC, they were the first and the main TV and radio company in Briton that is funded by the public who pay for a TV licence.

Sources: 
http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=1525&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
http://www.mda.gov.sg/Licences/Pages/PSB.aspx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_broadcasting

Multinational's 
this is a very simple term it means a company that does businessmen in many countries, most big media company's will be multinationals, a multinational company like the BBC broadcasts in countries all over the world`along with Sky TV.

Sources:
http://www.investorwords.com/3155/multinational.html
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-multinational-corporation.htm#did-you-know
http://www.qfinance.com/dictionary/multinational-business

Independents:
this is very simple basically it means a company that is not owned by another an example again would be the BBC as they are funded by the public and are not owned or part of  a bigger company, Ofcom the regulatory body (soon not to be) would be another.

Sources:
http://www.qfinance.com/dictionary/independent-company
http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-definition/independent%20company
http://www.brainyquote.com/words/in/independent177755.html

Conglomerate: 
A Conglomerate is a business that is involved in more than one type of media,companies that deal in radio, TV, Newspaper. Again the BBC is an example, also newspapers like the Times that print as well as having an internet version. Rupert Murdoch owns a conglomerate as he owns so many different companies in the media.

Rupert Murdoch

Sources:

http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/conglomerate.asp

http://www.investorwords.com/1034/conglomerate.html

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/conglomerate

Voluntary:
A voluntary Business is run by volunteers.


Cross Media:

Cross media is when a piece of media is distributed across multiple media platforms, for example TV would count as Cross media as it can be viewed on many devices from TV's, laptops and mobile phones all via the internet which in its self is a platform for media. A News story can be viewed on a few different platforms, the internet and physical newspapers. The BBC is Cross-media company as are of the big TV Channels, quite a few are owned by Rupert Murdoch. Cross-media companies have significant advantages over companies that don't do Cross media as they can get their company seen by a wider audience. 

Sources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_media

http://www.publicitas.ch/en/media/allmedia/definition-crossmedia/

http://convergenceishere.weebly.com/terminology-and-meaning.html

Diversification:

Diversification is when a company for example Virgin start to expand into new areas of media and business, virgin started as a music distributer, they then expanded into a record label, then mobile phones, TV and airlines, now they are virgin media as they cover a wide range of media's. 

Sources: 

http://www.investorwords.com/1504/diversification.htm

http://www.dictionarycentral.com/definition/diversification.html

http://www.brainyquote.com/words/di/diversified156275.html

Vertical and horizontal integration:
Vertical integration is when a number of steps in the production of a tv show is controlled by one company, this is so that that company has more power, for example in the production of a film there are mnay differn parts like editing, production, VFX all these steps are controlled by one company or person, each is a different part of the creation of a film.

horizontal integration
This is when one company increases its size, power,market share by taking over another company, a recent example of this is virgin media is going to buy Liberty Global, this will increase their reach on media market.

http://bizdharma.com/blog/what-is-vertical-and-horizontal-integration/

http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070211154747AAcUtq0
http://www.ehow.com/about_6714197_horizontal-vertical-integration.html

Share of Ownership
Share of ownership is when more than one person collectively own a company, a example of this is dragons den, two dragons my each have a 15% ownership of the company for the money they invest, this would then be a share of ownership. the advantages of having a shared ownership is that the costs of the company are spread between owners.


http://www.firststopcareadvice.org.uk/jargon-shared-ownership.aspx
http://www.housingcare.org/jargon-shared-ownership.aspx
http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/shared%2Bownership

Mergers and takeovers
This is pretty much the same as horizontal integration, one type of takeover is a hostile one, this is where the company that is being sold, is going to be bought by a company that they don't like. for example in 2008 Microsoft tried to do a hostile takeover of yahoo which failed. A merger is when one company merges with another for example the merger of Currys and PC world on their own they would have gone into admin, together they became successful.

http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mergersandacquisitions.asp
people.bath.ac.uk/mnsanb/MN20211MergersandAcquisitionsfeb.ppt
http://money.howstuffworks.com/hostile-takeover1.htm

Cross-media Media regulation
Cross media regulation by ofcom is a good example as they regulate TV and radio broadcasting in the UK, it means a regulation company like ofcom makes sure that programs on TV and radio follow certain guidelines an example where this failed was when Jonathon Ross and Russel brand left offensive messages on Andrew Sachs phone while on live radio, Ofcom have to make sure incidents like this don't happen.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7694989.stm

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08109020600877675

Product Profitability

In terms of media the product would be a TV show or radio show, on a channel like Channel 4 if the show (product) was successful then it would gain advertisers interest which would then make a profit for the show.

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/product-range.html

http://www.scribd.com/doc/22099090/Product-Profitability

Source of income

This is very simple, most people know what is a source of income is and what isn’t.    Employment – this is where a person who in working for a company (employee) gets paid a salary or wage by the company (employer)     

Self employment/Free lance – this is the most common source of income in the media industry, free lance is when you work for people that hire you for a specific job for example a lot of video editors will be free-lance.

http://www.leedstrinity.ac.uk/services/student_finance/managing/Pages/Sourcesofincome.aspx

http://www.ncvo-vol.org.uk/advice-support/funding-finance/income-sources

http://www.altiusdirectory.com/Finance/multiple-income-sources.html

Product Diversity

This is when their is a lot of choice for a consumer when they are looking to buy a product or service, for example there are many different TV service companies, they all sell the same sort of thing but are all slightly different, so sky+ and virgin media, the consumer chooses which type of service they won’t by choosing one of the companies.

http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-definition/product%20diversity

http://www.wordreference.com/definition/product%20diversity

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_does_product_diversity_mean

Profitability of product range

Profitability of a product depends on how much it costs to make and how much it makes back (revenue). A range of products that are profitable would be something like a TV service like BT Vision, BT also do broadband and phone, the cost to them to supply these products has to be cheaper than what they sell it for, this makes sure that they gain a profit from a range of products or services.

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/product-range.html

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/business-english/product-profitability

Performance against financial concers

This is when a company’s performance is either good or bad due to money problems or financial concerns.

http://www.managementjournals.com/journals/finance/article10.htm

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/financial-performance.html

Organisational Objectives

Organisational Objectives are goals that the company wants to accomplish, these are decided by the mangers and then passed on to the employees.

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/organizational-objectives.html

http://www.definitions.net/definition/organizational+objectives

http://smallbusiness.chron.com/difference-between-strategic-operational-objectives-24572.html

Franchising and Licensing

Franchising is a Business strategy that companies use to gain more market share, it is used to keep customers interested in their products and brand, one part of the company will focus on the logo of the franchise another on TV ads, another on toys or objects of that kind, overall owning a famous franchise can be very profitable as Disney have realised by buying the star wars franchise from George Lucas, this means that they have the right to use the anything to to with star wars in any way they like. 

Licensing is similar to Franchising except it doesn’t carry as many rules and regulations, a company might licence the use of a song in advert or TV show, the company would gain money from the licence being paid for and also the fact that more people will hear it if it’s on TV which would then make them more money.

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/organizational-objectives.html

http://www.franchising.com/articles/what_is_franchising.html

Competitors

A Competitor in the media industry would be a TV channel like ITV would be a competitor to channel 4 they both do similar types of programs which means they attract a similar audience, the TV channel competes for the biggest audience on their shows compared to another Channel.

Customers  

A customer is a person who buys a product from a company, for example someone who pays for Sky would be a sky customer.

National and global competition and trends  

This is where global companies compete to produce products that will take over the current trend around the world                                

The filming of a live Event

On Thursday the 14th march me and my twin traveled to a somerset apprenticeships awards 2013 at a holiday inn in Taunton, this was our second experience at filming a live event, we had to been asked to make a 2-3 min promo video for the organisation, we had been told that the event organizer Jed Wood would  meet us and give us a general outline how what we should film.   

when we got there we decided on how we were going to film the event (as communicating ideas to each other was key)  we scouted out the building deciding where we were going to place our camera's. The first thing that we did was a wide angle time lapse shot to establish the location, the amount of people and the general mood, while that was being shot I did a few mid shots of the people talking to each other, generally having a good time. I then filmed the student guitarist with a few medium close ups on my 50mm prime lens as it was a lot sharper than the kit lens we were using. we then met Jed wood who helped organize the event, he told us to concentrate on the awards part, do a small bit on people entering and talking.

After about 40 mins people started to move to where the awards were taking place, we then went to our planned positions which were, Gabriel setting up his camera near the entrance so he could get people entering, I was inside the room getting shots of people sitting down, greeting each other and also entering the room, before the awards started being given out we set up our cameras in the arranged positions, I was on the right of the podium and he was on the left, he would be focused on filming the awards being given and I would focus on people watching also the awards being given. half way through the awards Gabriel ran out of card space, luckily I had a back up although the card I had kept automatically stop filming after about 10-20s of video, I had to then focus my camera on filming the awards being given, then my card also got to its maximum capacity, I had to quickly go through my previous footage and delete some of the less essential shots (next time I will remember to bring backup cards that work) I then had to use the card that kept stopping to film the last bit.

My thoughts on Cloud Atlas

After watching cloud atlas directed by Tom Tykwer, Andy and Lana Wachowski and origanaly written by David Mitchell  I can see how important a good story and message is for a blockbuster film. for me the story said that everyone leads the same life over and over essentially just in many different scenarios, a lot of films don't really have a good overall meaning as this does, they just set a story (the characters, the problem, the resolution of that problem). for me if the film has a good overall meaning I remember it more as it made me think about it more, the film is quite long and does not directly give a meaning as it leaves you to interpret it as you will, when the viewer understands what the film is saying, they feel a certain kind of satisfaction at least some viewers might.

Welcome Page

Hi everyone and welcome to my blog, in the blog you will find a section that tells you about me and what I have done.